PERUBAHAN FUNGSI KELUARGA PADA LANJUT USIA (LANSIA) DI PANTI BHAKTI KASIH SITI ANNA KOTA PANGKALPINANG

Abstract

The family is a social institution with various functions, including reproduction, social, economic, psychological, and educational roles. However, rapid social and economic changes have influenced the family's role in caring for the elderly. This study aims to identify and analyze the factors that contribute to changes in family functions in elderly care and to understand the motives of the elderly in choosing to reside at Panti Bhakti Kasih Siti Anna, Pangkalpinang City. This research employs a qualitative approach using a case study method. Data were collected through in-depth interviews, observations, and documentation involving six elderly residents of the care home, the institution's management, and related stakeholders. The data analysis technique follows the Miles and Huberman model, which includes data reduction, data presentation, and conclusion drawing. The findings indicate that changes in family functions in elderly care are influenced by several key factors, including the shift from extended families to  nuclear families, increased female workforce participation, high social mobility, and the rise of individualistic values in modern society. Economic factors also play a role, as children of elderly individuals tend to allocate more time to work, limiting their ability to care for their parents. Beyond external factors, the study also found that elderly individuals who choose to live in a care home have diverse motivations. Most of them do not want to burden their children, while others experience family conflicts or feel a lack of emotional and social attention. This study is expected to contribute to society's understanding of the importance of family roles in elderly care and provide recommendations for the government and social institutions in improving elderly welfare. Furthermore, it highlights the need for family-based elderly care policies to ensure that the elderly receive adequate attention and affection in a comfortable and family-oriented environment.